Inhibition of Vascular Oxidative Stress in Hypercholesterolemia by Eccentric Isosorbide Mononitrate

Inhibition of vascular oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemia by eccentric isosorbide mononitrate.

OBJECTIVES We sought to determine if the nitric oxide (NO) donor isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) (200 mg/kg body weight/day) decreases vascular bioavailability of superoxide in atherosclerosis. BACKGROUND Vascular oxidative stress limits the bioavailability of endothelial NO and promotes atherosclerosis, while NO itself exerts antioxidative effects. It is unknown if therapeutic NO impacts on va...

Simultaneous measurement of plasma isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide-2-mononitrate, and isosorbide-5-mononitrate by gas-liquid chromatography.

Chronic therapy with isosorbide-5-mononitrate causes endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and a marked increase in vascular endothelin-1 expression.

AIMS Isosorbide-5-mononitrate (ISMN) is one of the most frequently used compounds in the treatment of coronary artery disease predominantly in the USA. However, ISMN was reported to induce endothelial dysfunction, which was corrected by vitamin C pointing to a crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in causing this phenomenon. We sought to elucidate the mechanism how ISMN causes endotheli...

Vascular Dysfunction in Experimental Diabetes Is Improved by Pentaerithrityl Tetranitrate but Not Isosorbide-5-Mononitrate Therapy

OBJECTIVE Diabetes is associated with vascular oxidative stress, activation of NADPH oxidase, and uncoupling of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (endothelial NO synthase [eNOS]). Pentaerithrityl tetranitrate (PETN) is an organic nitrate with potent antioxidant properties via induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We tested whether treatment with PETN improves vascular dysfunction in the setting of exp...

Preserved endothelial function after long-term eccentric isosorbide mononitrate despite moderate nitrate tolerance.

OBJECTIVES We sought to investigate the effects of orally administered, long-term, eccentric isosorbide mononitrate (ISMN) on endothelial function. BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that nitrate tolerance induced by continuous transdermal glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) is associated with increased vascular superoxide production and endothelial dysfunction. In contrast, it is unclear whether v...